--- tags: - cli - l1 - flashcard-deck - modern-cli --- [Portal](../../../../library/portal/index.md) | **Level:** [L1: Foundations](../../../../library/portal/levels.md) | **Topics:** [Modern CLI Tools](../../../../library/portal/topics.md) | **Domain:** CLI Tools id category difficulty tags question answer source_path modern-cli/fd-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, fd What does fd replace and what is its key advantage? "fd replaces find. Key advantages: respects .gitignore by default, regex patterns, colorized output, simpler syntax. Example: fd -e yaml finds all YAML files vs find . -name '*.yaml' -type f"\n\nRemember: fd = modern find. Smart case, colorized, .gitignore-aware. Simpler syntax. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/fd-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, fd How do you find and execute a command on matching files with fd? "fd -e py -x wc -l (count lines in each Python file). fd -e log -X rm (delete all .log files — -X batches into one command, -x runs per file). Add -H to include hidden files."\n\nRemember: fd = modern find. Smart case, colorized, .gitignore-aware. Simpler syntax. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/rg-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, rg, ripgrep What does rg (ripgrep) replace and why is it faster? "rg replaces grep -r. Faster because: multi-threaded, respects .gitignore, uses optimized regex engine (Rust). Automatically skips binary files and .git directories."\n\nRemember: rg = faster grep. .gitignore-aware, recursive default, highlights. Rust-powered. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/rg-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, rg, ripgrep How do you search only specific file types with rg? "rg 'pattern' -t yaml (built-in type filter). rg 'pattern' -g '*.yaml' (glob filter). rg -t py -g '!test*' 'pattern' (Python files excluding tests). rg --type-list shows all built-in types."\n\nRemember: rg = faster grep. .gitignore-aware, recursive default, highlights. Rust-powered. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/rg-003 modern-cli hard modern-cli, rg, ripgrep How do you use rg to find files containing a string and show context? "rg 'error_handler' -C 3 (3 lines before and after). rg -l 'error_handler' (file names only). rg -c 'error_handler' (count per file). --stats flag adds summary totals."\n\nRemember: rg = faster grep. .gitignore-aware, recursive default, highlights. Rust-powered. training/library/topics/modern-cli/street_ops.md modern-cli/fzf-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, fzf What is fzf and what problem does it solve? "fzf is an interactive fuzzy finder. Turns any list into a searchable, selectable menu. Pipe anything into it: kubectl get pods | fzf, git branch | fzf, history | fzf. Transforms CLI workflows from recall-based to recognition-based."\n\nRemember: fzf = fuzzy finder. Pipe anything: `history | fzf`. Ctrl+R = game-changer.\n\nExample: `FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f'` uses fd for file search. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/fzf-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, fzf What are the three key fzf shell keybindings? "Ctrl-R: fuzzy search command history. Ctrl-T: fuzzy find and insert a file path. Alt-C: fuzzy cd into a subdirectory. Enable with: eval \"$(fzf --bash)\" in .bashrc (or --zsh/--fish)."\n\nRemember: fzf = fuzzy finder. Pipe anything: `history | fzf`. Ctrl+R = game-changer.\n\nExample: `FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f'` uses fd for file search. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/fzf-003 modern-cli hard modern-cli, fzf How do you combine fzf with file preview? "rg --files | fzf --preview 'bat --color=always {}' — browse files with syntax-highlighted preview. For git: git log --oneline | fzf --preview 'git show {1}' — preview commits interactively."\n\nRemember: fzf = fuzzy finder. Pipe anything: `history | fzf`. Ctrl+R = game-changer.\n\nExample: `FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f'` uses fd for file search. training/library/topics/modern-cli/street_ops.md modern-cli/jq-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, jq What is jq and when do you reach for it? "jq is a command-line JSON processor. Use whenever you get JSON output: kubectl -o json, AWS CLI, Terraform state, API responses. Basic patterns: jq '.' (pretty-print), jq '.key' (extract), jq '.[] | .name' (iterate)."\n\nRemember: jq = JSON processor. Essential for APIs. `curl url | jq '.data[] | .name'`.\n\nExample: `jq -r '.items[] | [.name, .status] | @tsv'` — JSON to TSV. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/jq-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, jq How do you filter and reshape JSON with jq? "Filter: jq '.items[] | select(.status == \"running\")'. Reshape: jq '{name: .metadata.name, phase: .status.phase}'. Raw output: jq -r '.name' (no quotes). Slurp: jq -s '.' (read all inputs into array)."\n\nRemember: jq = JSON processor. Essential for APIs. `curl url | jq '.data[] | .name'`.\n\nExample: `jq -r '.items[] | [.name, .status] | @tsv'` — JSON to TSV. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/jq-003 modern-cli hard modern-cli, jq How do you count and aggregate with jq? "Count: jq '.items | length'. Group and count: jq '[.items[] | .status.phase] | group_by(.) | map({(.[0]): length}) | add'. TSV output: jq -r '[.timestamp, .service, .message] | @tsv'"\n\nRemember: jq = JSON processor. Essential for APIs. `curl url | jq '.data[] | .name'`.\n\nExample: `jq -r '.items[] | [.name, .status] | @tsv'` — JSON to TSV. training/library/topics/modern-cli-workflows/street_ops.md modern-cli/yq-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, yq What is yq and how does it relate to jq? "yq is jq for YAML (and TOML). Same filter syntax, works on YAML files directly. Essential for editing Kubernetes manifests, Helm values, and CI configs. Example: yq '.spec.replicas' deployment.yaml"\n\nRemember: jq = JSON processor. Essential for APIs. `curl url | jq '.data[] | .name'`.\n\nExample: `jq -r '.items[] | [.name, .status] | @tsv'` — JSON to TSV. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/yq-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, yq How do you modify a YAML file in-place with yq? "yq -i '.spec.replicas = 3' deployment.yaml. Add a field: yq -i '.metadata.labels.env = \"prod\"' deployment.yaml. Delete: yq -i 'del(.spec.template.metadata.annotations)' deployment.yaml."\n\nRemember: Modern CLI = Rust-powered: rg, fd, bat, exa, delta, zoxide. Faster, friendlier.\n\nExample: Replace: grep→rg, find→fd, cat→bat, ls→exa, cd→zoxide, diff→delta. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/eza-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, eza What does eza replace and what does it add over ls? "eza replaces ls. Adds: colorized output by file type, built-in tree view (eza --tree), git status per file (eza -la --git), and icon support. Useful: eza --sort modified for recently changed files."\n\nRemember: exa/eza = modern ls. Colors, git status, tree. `exa -la --git`. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/bat-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, bat What does bat replace and what does it add over cat? "bat replaces cat. Adds: syntax highlighting, line numbers, git diff markers, and automatic paging. Use bat -l yaml to force language. Set as MANPAGER for colorized man pages: export MANPAGER='bat -l man -p'"\n\nRemember: bat = cat + syntax highlighting + line numbers + git. Drop-in replacement. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/bat-002 modern-cli medium modern-cli, bat How do you use bat as a previewer for other tools? "With fzf: fzf --preview 'bat --color=always {}'. With git: git diff | bat -l diff. As pager: export BAT_PAGER='less -RF'. bat -A shows whitespace characters (tabs, spaces, newlines)."\n\nRemember: bat = cat + syntax highlighting + line numbers + git. Drop-in replacement. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/delta-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, delta What is delta and how do you set it up with git? "delta is a syntax-highlighting diff viewer. Add to .gitconfig: [core] pager = delta. Provides side-by-side view (delta -s), line numbers, and language-aware highlighting for git diff, git log -p, and git show."\n\nRemember: delta = better git diff. Highlighting, line numbers. `git config core.pager delta`. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/zoxide-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, zoxide What does zoxide replace and how does it learn? "zoxide replaces cd. It learns from your navigation — tracks directory frequency and recency (frecency). z exercises jumps to most-visited match. zi opens interactive selection with fzf. Setup: eval \"$(zoxide init bash)\""\n\nRemember: zoxide = smart cd. Learns habits. `z proj` → /home/user/projects. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/zoxide-002 modern-cli hard modern-cli, zoxide When should you use z vs zi vs cd? "z for known frequent directories (z grok → /home/user/grokdevops). zi when multiple matches exist and you want to pick interactively. Plain cd for explicit paths or parent navigation (cd ..)."\n\nRemember: Modern CLI = Rust-powered: rg, fd, bat, exa, delta, zoxide. Faster, friendlier.\n\nExample: Replace: grep→rg, find→fd, cat→bat, ls→exa, cd→zoxide, diff→delta. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/dust-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, dust What does dust replace and what does it add over du? "dust replaces du. Provides visual bar charts of disk usage, sorted by size, with automatic depth. dust -n 20 shows top 20 entries. dust -d 2 limits depth. No need to pipe through sort -rh | head like with du."\n\nRemember: Modern CLI = Rust-powered: rg, fd, bat, exa, delta, zoxide. Faster, friendlier.\n\nExample: Replace: grep→rg, find→fd, cat→bat, ls→exa, cd→zoxide, diff→delta. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/combo-001 modern-cli hard modern-cli, workflow How do you combine rg + fzf + bat for interactive code search? "rg 'pattern' -l | fzf --preview 'bat --color=always -H $(rg -n \"pattern\" {} | head -1 | cut -d: -f1) {}' — lists matching files, preview highlights the match line. Powerful for exploring unfamiliar codebases."\n\nRemember: rg = faster grep. .gitignore-aware, recursive default, highlights. Rust-powered. training/library/topics/modern-cli-workflows/street_ops.md modern-cli/combo-002 modern-cli hard modern-cli, workflow How do you use jq to triage JSON logs from an application? "cat app.log | jq 'select(.level == \"error\")' (filter errors). Count by service: jq -r 'select(.level == \"error\") | .service' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn. Table output: jq -r '[.timestamp, .service, .message] | @tsv' | column -t"\n\nRemember: jq = JSON processor. Essential for APIs. `curl url | jq '.data[] | .name'`.\n\nExample: `jq -r '.items[] | [.name, .status] | @tsv'` — JSON to TSV. training/library/topics/modern-cli-workflows/street_ops.md modern-cli/combo-003 modern-cli medium modern-cli, workflow What is the modern-tool equivalent of 'find . -name *.yaml | xargs grep replicas | sort'? "rg 'replicas' -t yaml. One command replaces the entire pipeline. Add -C 2 for context, -l for file names only, --stats for totals. rg handles .gitignore, binary files, and multi-threading automatically."\n\nRemember: rg = faster grep. .gitignore-aware, recursive default, highlights. Rust-powered. training/library/topics/modern-cli-workflows/street_ops.md modern-cli/choice-001 modern-cli easy modern-cli, tool-selection When do you still use classic tools (grep, find, cat) over modern ones? "On remote servers without modern tools installed. In shell scripts that must be portable. In Dockerfiles (minimize image size). When piping to other programs that expect standard output format. Know both — modern for interactive work, classic for portability."\n\nRemember: Modern CLI = Rust-powered: rg, fd, bat, exa, delta, zoxide. Faster, friendlier.\n\nExample: Replace: grep→rg, find→fd, cat→bat, ls→exa, cd→zoxide, diff→delta. training/library/topics/modern-cli/primer.md modern-cli/choice-002 modern-cli hard modern-cli, tool-selection You need to find all YAML files containing 'replicas' in a monorepo. Which tool chain do you pick? "rg 'replicas' -t yaml for the answer. If you need to browse the results interactively: rg 'replicas' -t yaml -l | fzf --preview 'bat --color=always {}'. Classic equivalent takes 3+ commands; rg does it in one."\n\nRemember: Modern CLI = Rust-powered: rg, fd, bat, exa, delta, zoxide. Faster, friendlier.\n\nExample: Replace: grep→rg, find→fd, cat→bat, ls→exa, cd→zoxide, diff→delta. training/library/topics/modern-cli-workflows/street_ops.md --- ## Wiki Navigation ### Related Content - CLI Tools Flashcards *(CLI)* (flashcard_deck, L1) — Modern CLI Tools - [Modern CLI Drills](../../../../library/drills/modern_cli_drills.md) (Drill, L0) — Modern CLI Tools - [Modern CLI Tools](../../../../library/topics/modern-cli/index.md) (Topic Pack, L0) — Modern CLI Tools - [Skillcheck: Modern CLI Tools](../../../../library/skillchecks/modern-cli-tools.skillcheck.md) (Assessment, L0) — Modern CLI Tools